๐—˜๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜† ๐˜†๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—๐˜‚๐—น๐˜† ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿด, ๐—ช๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—น๐—ฑ ๐—›๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐——๐—ฎ๐˜† ๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ๐˜„๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜€๐˜€ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜€, ๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ณ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—น๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐˜€๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜€ ๐—น๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ๐—น๐—น๐˜‚๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ฟ ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ. ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐˜†๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ’๐˜€ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฒ ๐—ถ๐˜€ “๐—›๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐—–๐—ฎ๐—ป’๐˜ ๐—ช๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐˜,” #๐—›๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—–๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜๐—ช๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜‡๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐˜† ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—พ๐˜‚๐—ถ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ฒ ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ ๐—ฝ๐˜‚๐—ฏ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜๐—ต ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—ฏ๐˜† ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฏ๐Ÿฌ.

Hepatitis E, less spoken about than the B and C variants, is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV). It is shed in the stools of infected persons and enters the human body through the intestine, most commonly by drinking HEV-contaminated drinking water.ย 

There are four main types of HEV; referred to as genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4, with genotypes 1 and 2 only being found in humans and genotypes 3 and 4 being found primarily in animals but, on occasions, in humans. HEV resulting from the consumption of contaminated water causes mostly a genotype 1 infection and much less frequently a genotype 2 infection. Hepatitis E infection is unusual in regions with improved sanitation and water supply, the majority of these cases are caused by genotype 3 virus and are caused by infection with virus originating in animals, generally through the consumption of raw meat, particularly pork.

CoCID is an EU-funded project, initiated by SiriusXT, whose major objective is to demonstrate the benefits of using soft x-ray microscopy as a research tool to assist virologists in understanding the intracellular phases of viral reproduction as well as to develop treatments to inhibit virus spread. Hepatitis-E is one of the virus use cases being addressed by project CoCID, with this research being led by Dr. Nicola Fletcher, Assistant Professor of Veterinary Bioscience at University College Dublin.

A key focus of Dr. Fletcherโ€™s research is to develop model systems that mimic the features of livers in the laboratory. Her team is currently developing liver organoids, which are 3D spherical ‘mini livers’, to better understand how HEV infects both pig and human liver cells.

”CoCID employs soft x-ray microscopy to bridge the current gap between light and electron microscopy and will serve as an interface for correlative studies”, said Dr. Fletcher.

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